Journal of Translation, Linguistics and Literature

An Analysis of Translation Strategies for Railway Technical and Business Terminology in PT KAI’s Annual Report Based on Peter Newmark’s Theory

2026-10-19T16:22:07+00:00

This study aims to identify technical railway terms and business terms within the 2024 Annual Report of PT KAI, analyze the translation methods employed based on Peter Newmark’s theory, and compare the translation tendencies for both categories of terms. The study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing data consisting of Indonesian terms and their English equivalents found in the annual report. The analysis involves identifying the terms, comparing the term pairs across both languages, and interpreting the translation methods used according to Newmark’s framework. The findings indicate that technical railway terms encompass terminology related to signaling systems, rolling stock, and infrastructure, while business terms cover areas such as revenue, financial reporting, financing, and corporate activities. The identified translation methods include literal translation, semantic translation, communicative translation, and faithful translation. Both categories of terms require precision in meaning and the use of appropriate terminology; however, the translation of technical railway terms places greater emphasis on the accuracy of references to railway systems and operations, whereas the translation of business terms focuses on the precision of financial and corporate concepts. As the analysis is based on qualitative examples, a definitive determination of the most dominant translation method cannot be established.

London’s Roles as the Third Space in Reforming Immigrants’ Identity in Monica Ali’s "Brick Lane"

2026-09-27T12:41:37+00:00

The intricacy of immigrant identity reformation in transnational cities such as London necessitated a thorough examination, primarily through the perspective of postcolonial theory. This research addressed the main foci: what role London played as a Third Space and how it shaped immigrant identity formation. This study aimed to analyze the role of London as a Third Space in the identity reformation of immigrant characters in Brick Lane by Monica Ali. The researcher employed Homi K. Bhabha’s theory of the Third Space in a postcolonial approach and used a descriptive qualitative method to conduct the research, in which the data were compiled in the form of quotations from the novel. As a result, this research revealed four leading roles of London, including a space of resistance and transformation, a platform for negotiating belonging, a site of economic and social mobility, and a catalyst for identity formation. Furthermore, the immigrant characters encountered cultural hybridity in different forms according to their personal experiences and choices. This research affirmed that immigrant identity was fluid and constantly negotiated within transnational spaces such as London.

An Analysis of Translation Techniques for Expressions of Toxic Masculinity in The Subtitles of The Film “After” (2019)

2026-10-17T06:30:25+00:00

This study aims to analyze the translation techniques used for utterances representing "toxic masculinity" in the subtitles of the film “After” (2019), translated from English to Indonesian. Adopting a qualitative descriptive approach, the study utilizes the translation technique framework proposed by Molina and Hurtado Albir (2002) as a basis for analysis. The data consist of utterances from the English subtitles that represent toxic masculinity, along with their corresponding translations in the Indonesian subtitles. The analysis involves comparing the source utterances with their translations to identify the translation techniques employed, while also examining the preservation or shifting of meaning within the context of communication between characters. The analysis of the selected data reveals the use of various translation techniques, including literal translation, established equivalence, linguistic amplification, modulation, transposition, and linguistic compression. The application of these techniques demonstrates variations in the preservation of structure, the selection of equivalents, the adjustment of expressions, and the condensation of messages. The choice of translation must also be understood in light of the context of the utterance, as it can influence the conveyance of emotional nuances, assertiveness, and dominance within the interactions between characters. This study highlights the importance of considering both linguistic and pragmatic aspects when translating utterances that represent toxic masculinity. However, the selected data are insufficient to determine which technique is dominant throughout the film as a whole.

Space, Place, and Ecological Memory in Hala Alyan’s "Salt Houses"

2026-10-25T01:12:37+00:00

This research examines Hala Alyan’s Salt Houses through Yi-Fu Tuan’s theory of space and place, alongside the concept of ecological memory. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the analysis explores how the novel represents displacement and the transformation of place experienced by a Palestinian family across generations. Tuan’s distinction between space as open, unstable, and unstructured, and place as meaningful and rooted in lived experience, is used to examine how characters continuously reconstruct home under conditions of forced migration and political instability. The analysis focuses on four characters representing different generations—Salma, Alia, Souad, and Manar—and examines how each move between space and place through changing environments and historical rupture. Their experiences show how unfamiliar spaces are gradually transformed into meaningful places through memory, bodily experience, and emotional attachment. At the same time, ecological memory explains how sensory and environmental traces of the homeland persist across generations, shaping how place is perceived and imagined even after displacement through inherited memory. The findings suggest that in Salt Houses, displacement destabilizes the boundaries between space and place. The novel highlights how place is constantly produced and re-produced across generations, even under conditions of displacement.

Adaptation and Transformation in Children’s Literature

2026-10-27T13:42:04+00:00

Children’s literature has long served as a foundation for storytelling traditions that combine imagination, moral instruction, and cultural values. With the rise of cinema, many classical fairy tales have been adapted into films, leading to significant transformations in narrative form and meaning. These adaptations often reflect changing social norms, ideological perspectives, and audience expectations. This study examines the adaptation of children’s literature into contemporary cinema, focusing on Hans Christian Andersen’s The Little Mermaid and its 2023 live-action adaptation, The Little Mermaid (2023 film). Children’s literature has traditionally combined imagination, moral instruction, and cultural values, and its cinematic adaptations often involve significant transformations in narrative form, character construction, and ideological meaning in response to evolving social and cultural expectations. The focus of this research is to analyze how the original fairy tale is reinterpreted in the 2023 film, particularly in terms of narrative structure, character agency, and thematic orientation. Special attention is given to the shift from the original tale’s themes of sacrifice, silence, and tragic longing toward more contemporary themes of empowerment, self-expression, and emotional fulfillment. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative comparative approach combining literary analysis and film studies. It compares the source text with its adaptation through narrative analysis (plot development, characterization, and structure) and ideological analysis (themes of identity, voice, gender roles, and agency). In addition, it considers cinematic techniques such as visual representation, music, and performance to understand how meaning is constructed in the film medium. Preliminary findings suggest that the 2023 adaptation significantly reconfigures the original narrative by softening its tragic elements and emphasizing individual autonomy and self-realization. These changes reflect broader cultural and industrial shifts in children’s media, where contemporary values such as empowerment, inclusivity, and emotional positivity increasingly shape the reinterpretation of classical fairy tales.