Journal of Architecture and Urban Studies

Impact of Building Materials on Indoor Thermal Comfort in Residential Houses

Agung Bayu Saputro — 2025-11-22

Thermal comfort is a critical factor in the environmental performance of rural residential buildings, particularly in hot-humid regions where passive strategies largely depend on material characteristics. In Cuntel Village, Semarang Regency, Indonesia, most houses are constructed using locally sourced materials, including clay roof tiles, metal sheets, red brick, lightweight concrete blocks, timber panels, earthen floors, cement plaster, and ceramic tiles. This research investigates how the use of these materials affects indoor thermal comfort performance. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining in-situ measurements of indoor air temperature and relative humidity with an occupant thermal perception survey. The measured data were assessed based on ASHRAE Standard 55 and SNI 6390:2011. The findings indicate significant differences in heat retention and dissipation among material configurations, with clay tile roofing and ceramic flooring contributing to lower indoor temperature fluctuations compared to metal roofing and earthen floors. Survey responses suggest that thermal acceptability aligns with material combinations that support passive heat regulation. These results emphasize that informed material selection plays a substantial role in shaping thermal comfort outcomes in rural housing. The study provides a basis for promoting climate-responsive material utilization to improve residential thermal performance in Indonesia’s rural contexts.

Evaluation of Thermal Conditions in the GKB 2 Unimus Hall Using Temperature and Relative Humidity Parameters

Clarisa Isnaini Aulia Dewi — 2025-02-10

This study aims to evaluate the thermal conditions in the hall on the 8th floor of GKB 2 Building, Muhammadiyah University of Semarang (Unimus) using temperature and relative humidity as the main indicators. The background of this study is the importance of thermal comfort in higher education spaces that directly impact the productivity and health of space users. Data collection was carried out periodically every hour from 06.00 to 18.00 at five observation points spread throughout the room. The measurement method used a digital hygrometer and supported by data analysis using Microsoft Excel to produce a graph of temperature and humidity fluctuations. The results show a general pattern that occurs in closed spaces in tropical climates, namely the temperature increases until midday and decreases in the afternoon, while relative humidity shows the opposite trend. This study provides an overview of the importance of ventilation management and space design strategies that are able to maintain thermal comfort throughout the day.

Console Structures in Building Design and Construction

Mohhamad Kusyanto — 2026-02-19

The console structure is one of the structural systems widely applied in building design and construction, especially to meet the need for column-free space and architectural form expression. The application of the console structure allows building elements to protrude from the main support without direct support underneath, thus providing design flexibility as well as challenges from the structural and construction side. This article aims to examine the console structure in the context of building design and construction, covering the working principles of the structure, its role in the formation of architectural design, and commonly used construction systems. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method through literature studies of textbooks, structural planning standards, and relevant scientific articles. The results of the study indicate that the console structure has an important role in the integration between the structural system and architectural design, but requires careful planning and construction implementation to ensure the safety and performance of the building as well as sustainability. This study is expected to be an initial reference for designers and practitioners in applying the console structure appropriately in buildings.

Architectural Approach to the Upper Floor of a Multi-Storey Conventional Market

Artika Zahra Nabila Agustin — 2025-02-25

Multi-storey conventional markets are designed to maximize the use of available space, but because of low visitor traffic, the higher levels are frequently underutilized. This issue suggests a connection between the degree of spatial activity and architectural design. In order to activate the upper floors of Multi-storey conventional markets, this study will look at architectural design strategies. A descriptive, qualitative approach with an architectural focus is employed, which includes observations of the building's physical state, accessibility and circulation systems, and space user behavior. The findings show that the increase in activity on the higher floors can be attributed to a number of factors, including accessibility, circulation clarity, and spatial appeal. It is anticipated that this study will be used as a guide for creating multi-storey conventional marketplaces that are more user-responsive and functional.

Revisiting Sustainability in Tropical Heritage Building: Architectural Lessons from Gereja Blenduk

Maria Rosita Maharani — 2026-02-26

The increasing level of environmental degradation has led to a decline in environmental quality, both at present and in the future. Since buildings contribute more than 30% of global emissions, building design should incorporate and implement sustainability principles. Understanding sustainability can be achieved not only through newly constructed buildings but also through the study of historic buildings. The preservation and adaptive reuse of older buildings represent an important sustainability strategy, as they maintain historical value while reducing the demand for new material resources. This study aims to analyze sustainable architectural principles in historic buildings, Gereja Blenduk as the case study. Employing a descriptive analytical research method, the findings indicate that the church reflects the application of comprehensive sustainability principles, including urban ecology, energy strategies, water management, material use, waste management, community engagement, cultural preservation, local economic strategies, and operational management. Many of these sustainability practices have developed contextually through adaptation to climate conditions, cultural values, and the social functions of the surrounding area. Therefore, Gereja Blenduk can be regarded as a tangible example of how historic buildings can adapt to sustainability principles while maintaining their authenticity.

Miss Tjitjih Arts Building as a Center for Cultural Expression and Empowerment of the Betawi Arts Community

Shyabina Rahma Fasha — 2026-02-27

The Miss Tjitjih Art Building is a historic structure with high cultural and aesthetic value. As a symbol of Betawi art, this building integrates traditional elements with modern technology in its material concept and architectural expression. Its establishment was motivated by the large number of artists in the surrounding area and aims to preserve local art while improving the community's quality of life. The building provides a space for artistic expression, appreciation, and empowerment through its functional design. As a cultural hub, it encourages social and economic growth based on the arts community. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, collecting data through observation, literature study, and documentation. The objective is to investigate the quality of life of the community around the Miss Tjitjih Art Building. The findings reveal that the presence of this art building has the potential to improve both the quality of life and the economy of the local community, as most artists and residents depend on income generated from these artistic activities.